Different parts of an electric motor and their function. The temporary magnet is also called an electromagnet. We use dozens of devices in which electric motors are used, such as, refrigerators, mixers, fans, washing machines, computers, etc. Make a simple electric motor science projects, electric. Simple electric motors awardwinning science projects. You will be provided with a kit of parts and equipment from which you will be challenged to build a working electric motor. The 3phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Pdf electromagnetic phenomena and devices such as motors are typically unfamiliar to both teachers and students. Knowing parts of simple electric motor and their function. The electric motor operation is based on the following points. Weve hunted for the facts on how to build an electric motor most. If you put on clean clothes that were washed in the washing machine, ate food from the fridge, or used a computer, you used an electric motor.
My engineering project is the simple electric motor. Question 6 a very common form of latch circuit is the simple startstop relay circuit used for motor controls, whereby a pair of momentarycontact pushbutton switches control the operation of an electric motor. Round and round with simple motors national geographic society. Physics 4 laboratory the electric motor prelab exercise please read the procedure section and try to understand the physics involved and how the experimental procedure works.
The armature holds the rest of the components and is also the part of the motor that spins. Electric motor an electric motor is an electromechanical device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. So when a motor fails to operate it may not be obvious what the problem is. Building a simple motor when you think of a motor, you may immediately think of a car, but you actually encounter motors in your home every day. If you want to extend your research further see links section and search the internet. Ultimately, motors are the interface between the electrical and mechanical systems of a facility. A brushed dc motor is like the simple loop generators weve seen in cartoons or the jensen generator used with the steam engine, only run backwards.
Armature or rotor commutator brushes axle field magnet dc power supply of some sort an electric motor is all about magnets and magnetism. After you have taken some time to play with the magnets in your motor, design a simple experiment to test a hypothesis about how changing the magnet in some way will affect the speed of your motor. You will likely need to adjust the voltage, once you test your motor. All of these motors work in more or less same principle. Motors which are used in simple circuits help in giving a better understanding of electricity, motion and technology to the students. Which electric motor is best suited for a specific application is a decision that you should best make in consultation with our experienced engineers. Basic working principle types of motor loads motor loads description examples. Easytomake models of an electric motor have been shown at the international festivals physics on stage and science on stage, visited by teachers and. Making your own motor is an excellent introduction into the world of technology. Making a simple electric motor is an educational activity that may also be tried as school project or science project. It also serves to protect the connectors from water and dust and to protect against live electrical parts.
The output torque of an electrical motor depends on the intensity of the rotor and stator magnetic fields and on their phase relation. Abb motors and generators is a leading company in technology that offers many motor and generator solutions. The purpose of this project is to see if this electric motor actually works. An electric motor is a rotating device, which is made to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. There are factors that can vary considerably from application to application of an electric motor and should not be disregarded. An electric motor creates rotational, or circular, motion. This reading is a very brief introduction to four most basic types of electric motors. How to make a simple electric motor science project. Electric motors have had a reputation for being a mix of science and magic.
Around the armature is the stator, which holds insulated coils of wire, usually copper. The magnetic field can be increased by coiling the wire, which allows more current to flow through a smaller distance and increases the magnetic field. D batteries, insulated 22g wire, 2 large eyed metal sewing needles. Adjust current and voltage knobs so that 125is applied to the motor. In a dc motor with a simple split ring commutator, the torque provide by. Working of electric motor mainly depends upon the interaction of magnetic field. The central part of the motor is a cylinder called the armature or rotor.
Magnetic forces between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet cause the rotor to turn. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields. Nov 30, 2014 electric motors defined as electromechanical devices that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy. While in general, electric motors will be very easy to meet in everyday life. A basic knowledege of electric motor, its contain simple principle and main components. Simple formulas and calculations described here are essential for calculating most common motor parameters. Rotates a number of degrees with each electric pulse. Effectively powering the simple electric motor control variables.
Motors are a key component of the industrial world and the technological advances we are all familiar with today. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. The phase relation between the rotor and stator magnetic field i. Pdf analysing simple electric motors in the classroom. These three parts use the attractive and repulsive forces of electromagnetism, causing the motor to spin continually as long as it receives a steady flow of electric current. However this is a simplified approach that does not take into consideration many factors. Easytomake models of an electric motor have been shown at the international festivals physics on stage and science on. From inventors of the first ever reed switch motor kit simple motors, 1999 the easiest electric motor to build and understand how it works. Here is a fun way to explore the inner workings of a simple motor.
Materials and procedure variables independent variable. With this project students can learn and demonstrate conversion of electrical energy to mechanical energy. An introduction to electric motors home stmicroelectronics. There is tons of information with more complex calculations. Dc motors are used in all sorts of robots, gadgets, and technology that assists us everyday. So what i did was put together all the parts and put the wire in after i sanded the edges off. How to build a simple electric motor, plus how it works. Simple project on hydro electric power station with turbine.
Like generators, electric motors consist of a stator and a rotor and the. Analysing simple electric motors in the classroom buffalo state. While the principles behind electric current and magnetic fields interacting can be a bit technical, building a basic engine is easy. The reason for that was it helped conduct more electricity. Electric motors work due to electromagnetic interactions. Simple electric motor project by jeremy fermin on prezi. The mechanical energy can be used to perform work such as rotating a pump impeller, fan, blower, driving a compressor, lifting materials etc.
Electric motor designs can vary quite a lot, though in general they have three main parts. This is a great project for use in the classroom or at home. Electric energy can be converted into useful work, or mechanical energy, by machines called electric motors. Jul 11, 2019 the electric motor is a device which converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. An electric motor uses the attracting and repelling properties of magnets to create motion. If projects like the potatopowered digital clock are a bit old school, up your game with a simple electric motor to wow the judges at your.
Feb 24, 2007 the tabletop explainer is an intermittent educational vlog presenting answers to viewer questions, brief science lessons, and ideas for teachers and students. An ac motor of this type may be part of a pump or fan or connected to some other form of mechanical equipment such as a winder, conveyor, or mixer. The opposite is done by generators that convert mechanical work to electrical energy. Knowledge of the basics together with powerful new test equipment vastly simplifies the job. We describe the construction and the conceptual and introductory level mathematical analysis of a simple handmade electric motor.
On top of the motor lies the terminal box that houses the connectors which is used for connecting the motor to the electrical network. At least one of the two magnetic field is generated by a solenoid carrying a current. In a simple form of electric motor, an electric current powers a set of electromagnets on a rotor in the magnetic field of a permanent magnet. But how many people understand the basic principles of motor operation and can build one from simple electronics parts. Simple electric generators and motor speed measurement tools. Electric motor simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Build your own simple electric motor fisher scientific. Analysing simple electric motors in the classroom physics buffalo. Lets start by looking at the overall plan of a simple twopole dc electric motor. Jan 15, 2018 how to make a high speed brushless motor, amazing pulse motor, science school project 2018 duration. At least one of the two magnetic field is generated by a solenoid. Physics 4 laboratory the electric motor dartmouth college. Jul 06, 2016 testing electric motors doesnt have to be a mystery. I only sanded off the tips that touched the paperclips. Large motors used in cars or locomotives help in motion.